(25 pts)Diagram the stages of development (fertilization, cleavage, gastrulation,
etc.) through the entire developmental history of Caenorhabditis elegans, and
compare/ contrast these with the stages of development of Xenopus laevis. .

(15 pts)Diagram a sea urchin spermatoazoan and a Caenorhabditis elegans
spermatozoan. Explain how they are both similarly optimized to carry out their
"mission" even though they are phenotypically very different.

(15 pts)Compare and contrast cleavage in the mouse with cleavage in Drosophila
melanogaster.

(15pts)Diagram fate maps of Xenopus laevisand Gallus domesticusjust prior to
blastulation and indicate (preferably with diagrams) the primary movements of each
region during gastrulation.

(15 pts)Organogenesis:beginning at the neurula stage, describe (using diagrams
where possible) the development of the mammalian (human) eye.

(15 pts)Starting in each case with diploid primordial germ cells (PGC's) or germ-
like founder cells describe spermatogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegansand
oogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster.